User:Richard Arthur Norton (1958- )

Most used info

• https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Deletion_requests_December_2022&from=13
• {{Wikidata/FamilyTree|entityId=Q20656285|title={{Q|Q20656285}}|ancestors=3|descendants=3|compact=true|invert=1|years=|decorate=by-generation}}
• {{PD-US-not renewed}}
• https://dezoomify.ophir.dev/ (dezoomify)

PD

Please note the following chart refers to publication dates, not to creation dates. An early creation date does not ensure the item is public domain in the US. The chart refers only to items that were created before 1976 and not published in the US within 30 days of publication abroad. If they were published in the US within 30 days, they need the relevant US template, as US law exclusively applies. If they were not published in the US within 30 days, and were created 1976 or later, they are not public domain in the US. Please note the following chart shows that we must have publication information about each image in order to prove its public domain status.

First published in Italy (across) Publication date (down)	before 1927	1927-1963	1964-1977	1978-Feb. 1989	Mar. 1989-2002	2003 or later, or never published
Published with copyright notice, registration, deposit with US copyright office, and renewed	public domain	not public domain for 95 years from publication		not public domain until at least 2048	not public domain until at least 2048	only public domain if {{PD-old-70}} (95 years from publication for anonymous/corporate works, or 120 years from creation, whichever of these two is shortest)
Published with copyright notice, registration, deposit with US copyright office, and not renewed	public domain		not public domain for 95 years
Published with copyright notice and without registration or deposit with the US copyright office	public domain
Published without copyright notice	public domain

Flickr2Commons

Can we automate the uploading of political graveyard Flickr. See https://www.flickr.com/photos/politicalgraveyard/, under a CC license. Usually User:Fae would automate this, but he appears inactive and never trained anyone in how he automated the process with Flickr2Commons. If someone would make a training video, that would be appreciated.

Newspaper style

• {{block center|width=350px| }}

What links here

"What links here" at Wikidata needs to show usage as "Structured data" at Commons. We often delete entries in Wikidata because we do not realize they are in use at Commons because we do not link to them.

Family tree template

Suggestions:

• If there is a birth_name available, use the birth name for women, so it doesn't look like someone has married a cousin.

Creator templates

• It says: "Unused templates (except maintenance/project templates that are substituted), are subjected to speedy deletion." But {{Creator:John Smith}} and {{Creator|wikidata=Q}}, are in use at Wikidata and at Commons, even if it is not connected to an image that is currently on displayed for the general viewer. The Utility being that when the images are restored, when they are in the public domain, they are already attached to a creator template with the proper life and death dates. Remember, and image is never deleted, just hidden from view from most viewers. When the suggested restoration date is reached, the editor will want to be looking at the birth and death dates in the Creator template to confirm the restoration date. Doe anyone else agree?

Not renewed

{{PD-US-not renewed}} [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/firstperiod.html Works copyrighted before 1964 had to have the copyright renewed sometime in the 28th year]. If the copyright was not renewed, the work is in the public domain. No renewal notice was found for this periodical for issues published in this year. For instance, the first [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/cinfo/nytimes New York Times issue renewed was from April 1, 1928]. Some publications may have renewed an individual article from an earlier time, for instance the New York Times renewed at least one article published on January 9, 1927. If you find any contrary evidence, or the renewal database has been updated, please notify me. No renewal notices have been found for articles supplied by the Associated Press to subscribing newspapers.

Category migration

• Cat-a-lot
• VFC

Public domain archive

• https://nypl.getarchive.net/

How do you prove an image is anonymous and has no source on the internet?

Historical images are often nominated for deletion because they are marked "source=own work" and the uploader is listed as the creator. Commons:Project scope/Evidence requires that we provide a url if we download an image from the internet, but many images stored at Commons from the past are marked "own work" presumably because someone has scanned or rephotogrphed an existing image. What is required beyond the due diligence of a reverse image search against the billion images online, and doing a standard Google Image Search based on the name of a person, place or thing, to show that no author has been named, and the image is anonymous; and that there is no source online and the image was a scan or a photograph of an existing image. Epistemology doesn't allow the absolute proof of absence, so how much must be done to declare an image anonymous, to avoid deletion?

Simple photography versus art photography

Simple photographs, require pressing the shutter on a camera, something a monkey can do. Images need the complex staging of what most people would think of as an art photo, like in this image: File:Salvador Dali A (Dali Atomicus) 09633u.jpg. If the law was meant to give special status to commercial photography they would have used that term in the wording.

Fulton History

When I do a search I get the search terms highlighted, which I can remove by turning off Annotations at the three dots in the upper right corner of the screen. When I take a screen shot I have no highlights. The problem is when the article is large and a screen shot will not grab the article at sufficient resolution, so I download the pdf, open in GIMP and then cut and paste the article into a new GIMP window. The problem is that the highlights are always there, whether Annotations is turned on or turned off. Answer: Truncate the last part of the url from "&DocId=####" to "&.pdf".

Published

One of the details not discussed at Commons:Publication is our default position on when an image leaves the custody of the original photographer: Do we consider images found in circulation to have left the custody of the photographer (published) at the time of creation. Or do we consider images found in circulation to have not left the custody of the photographer (unpublished) at the time of creation. For instance most images taken by a commercial photographer are sent to the sitter, and those that are never picked up are eventually discarded. It is rare for a set of photographs to remain with a photographer and make it to an archive like the Library of Congress. For instance we have the Bain Collection where the original negatives remained with the news agency and a portion were never appeared in magazines and newspapers, and never left the custody of the news agency. These would be unpublished by default.

When is a photograph made public

See the case law discussed here and the law change in 1978:

• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Minerva Kohlhepp Teichert 1908.jpg

Current year

• January 1, {{Not-PD-US-expired-min-year}}
• January 1, {{#expr:{{CURRENTYEAR}} - 95}}

Good advice

User:Animalparty

Clawback

The license it was released under is irrevocable and it is past the courtesy claw back period. There may be users outside the Wiki Universe that have republished the image and we would be erasing evidence of the license. A sinister person could have an image deleted here, then sue republishers, once the evidence has been deleted.

Eye on

• File:Fiji Students Association of Wellington 1960.jpg (wants proof of anonymous)
• Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by Noemí Casado (simple vs. complex) User:Rosenzweig
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:M° Guido Spagnoli.jpg (wants proof of anonymous) File:M° Guido Spagnoli.jpg
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Philipp von Hessen.jpg User:Rosenzweig File:Philipp von Hessen.jpg
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:東北學院 Masayoshi Oshikawa,.jpg File:東北學院 Masayoshi Oshikawa,.jpg (public domain Japan)
• Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by Gleb Leo (images versus text authorship)

Kept

• Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Photographs by Thomas Patrick Norton II (non notable images)
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:La porallée en 1230.jpg (angry over engraving from the 1600s) Jeff G and Ellin Beltz
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Astrid Lindgren SPA.jpg (Swedish copyright law)
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Sheila A. Wolf in the 1978 St. Teresa High School School of Decatur, Illinois yearbook.jpg (notability)
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Noré Brunel - dédicace .jpg
• File:The American annual of photography (1914) (14757373456).jpg (1916 publication of a German image)
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Francisco Goñi.jpg
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Harry Bateman.jpg
• Commons:Deletion requests/Naval ship mages seemingly incorrectly claimed as own work (wants proof of anonymous)
• Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by JasonGlennHuntly

Restored

• Commons:Deletion requests/More uploads by Jaydda32 (when is an image published) George Ho via *1978 US case law
• File:Waino hendrickson Governor portrait.PNG (accusations) RadioKAOS
• ‎File:Florin Alexandru Stan composer.jpg

Deleted

• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Arthur Morley Francis.png (deleted but will be restored on January 1, 2023) Ellin Beltz (don't deletion review)
• File:Raymond Theodore Wolf (1929-2011) in 1952.jpg (deletion review failed) unrelaible source

Scope

• I find problematic the wording in Commons:Scope "Examples of files that are not realistically useful for an educational purpose: Private image collections ". It is often used in debates for deletion, ignoring the list of examples because no list can contain all examples. Every image uploaded by a user from their own camera is uploading images from their "private image collections". My series of local churches and my series of local cemeteries are all from my "private image collections" and are not wanted according to scope. This really should be reworded to remove the phrase "private image collections" and just include "private party photos, photos of yourself and your friends, your collection of holiday snaps and so on." Even "holiday snaps" is problematic if I take images of churches and cemeteries while on vacation, they appear to be not wanted by Commons. As worded my trip would have to be dedicated to the purpose of taking images and not involve any vacation activities or be taken on a holiday. I imagine most images taken outside of one's home area are taken while on vacations/holidays.
• I find problematic the wording in Commons:Project scope "Must not contain only excluded educational content." It is so poorly worded with a double negative that it is incomprehensible. An explanation is given as to what it means "no news", and then a second explanation that contradicts no-news, with "yes news". I have had public domain obituaries deleted because of the no-news rule.

Deletion redux

People will punish you if you oppose them in a debate, by nominating your uploads for deletion:

• Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Photographs by Thomas Patrick Norton II (2022) Racconish supported by P199
• Commons:Deletion_requests/Family_history (2010) TreasuryTag
• Commons:Deletion requests/Family history/Filelist/Classified (2010) Stifle
• Commons:Deletion requests/Image:Winblad-Janice 01.jpg (2008) Teofilo
• Commons:Deletion_requests/Anton_Julius_Winblad (2007) LX
• Commons:Deletion requests/Images of Anton Julius Winblad II and others (2007) Polarlys

Yearbooks

Well formatted copyright info Category:Virginia Tech Bugle

Object license vs. image license

{{Art Photo}} {{Art Photo |wikidata = |artwork license = |photo description = |photo date = |photographer = |source = |photo license = |other_versions = }}

What percentage of images are in use

• About 25%

Ellin

• Commons:Deletion requests/File:M Snyder and 3 others Argentina (6881445606).jpg

EugeneZelenko

Eugene Zelenko has a poor record of deletion nominations, he doesn't appear to be knowledgeable on International copyright laws.

• Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by MCBugatti
• Commons:Deletion requests/Files uploaded by AlbertRA

JPEG over compression

{{Overcompressed JPEG}}

Basic Commons topics

• Commons:Project scope/Evidence
• Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle
• Commons:Publication
• Commons:Public art and copyrights in the US
• Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs
• URAA loophole ruling vs. Not-PD-US-URAA

Scanned

{{Self-scanned}}

Anonymous-EU

{{PD-EU-no author disclosure}}

Problems with source and date

Imagine a painting by Gilbert Stuart (1800) later made into an anonymous engraving (1900) and then me scanning the engraving or taking a photo of it with my iPhone (2000) and uploading it to Commons (2020). We ask for a date and a source when uploading without specifying you expect the date of the original painting, or the derivative engraving, or the derivative scan. You also ask for the source, again of what, the painting, the engraving, or am I the source of the scanned image. I see almost daily nominations for deletion because the nominator is expecting the date of the Gilbert Stuart painting or of the engraving, but Commons Upload used the metadata date from the scan. How is a novice uploader expected to know which date is the preferred one? The same goes for using source=own_work, which the derivative scan or photograph actually is.

Angry comments

• File:Arthur Morley Francis.png "you haven't been here long enough to go around telling other people what to do."
• File:La porallée en 1230.jpg "How dare you presume to instruct an Admin and Bureaucrat on whether or not to open a DR?"
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests/Files_uploaded_by_Abune User:Xunks threats

Eye on

• Commons:Deletion requests/File:Adolf Adelswärd SPA.jpg

Zoomify

• User:Fæ/dezoomify

Undelete at future date

<noinclude>[[Category:Undelete in 2031]]</noinclude>

Best search

• [1]

Swedish abbreviations

• f. = född = born
• d. = död = dead
• g. = gift = married
• g.m. = gift med = married to
• past. = pastorat = diocese
• s.å. = samma år = same year
• stud. = student = student
• reg. = regemente = regiment

• OSO. = ostsydost = east southeast
• ONO. = ostnordost = east northeast

Java

User:Richard Arthur Norton (1958- )/common.js

Family tree

{{Wikidata/FamilyTree|entityId=Q20656285|title={{Q|Q20656285}}|ancestors=5|descendants=5|compact=true|invert=1|years=|decorate=by-generation}}

Delete

{{speedydelete|reason}}

When is a photograph published?

Mention images that stay with the photographer.

Publication for the purposes of copyright is when a "discernable copy" or a "derivative copy" or a "tangible copy" has been distributed or viewed by the public. It does not mean appearing in a book, magazine, or newspaper. For a modern photograph the original creative work is the original camera negative (OCN), any print or duplicate of the OCN is a "discernable copy". The act of the photographer sending a copy to the person appearing in the image is the equivalent of publication for copyright purposes. This would not apply to daguerreotypes in which the positive on a metal plate is the original creative work, or images taken with an instant camera. Some negatives in collections may never have had a print distributed. For instance, the Library of Congress houses the Bain Collection original glass negatives, some of which may not have been printed and distributed. Up until 1976 distributed images needed to have a copyright notice. Images after 1977 no longer needed a visible copyright symbol.

Side by side images

{{Infobox person | name = The Wright brothers | image = {{multiple image | align = center | image1 = Orville Wright 1905-crop.jpg | width1 = 150 | alt1 = | caption1 = | image2 = Wilbur Wright-crop.jpg | width2 = 150 | alt2 = | caption2 = | footer_align = center | footer = Orville (left) and Wilbur Wright in 1905 }}

{{multiple image|perrow = 3|total_width=400 | image1 = Walls of Constantinople.JPG | image2 = Hadrian's wall at Greenhead Lough.jpg | image3 = Ripa - le mura a via di sant anselmo 051211-06.JPG | image4 = Pingyao-muralla-c01-f.jpg | image5 = Nanjing Ming wall.jpg | image6 = 20090529 Great Wall 8125.jpg | image7 = Walls of Dubrovnik-3.jpg | image8 = Al-wastani gate.jpg | image9 = Jaisalmer citadelle.jpg | footer = Left to right: [[Walls of Constantinople]], [[Hadrian's Wall]], [[Servian Wall]], walls of [[Pingyao]] and [[Nanjing]], [[Great Wall of China]], [[Walls of Dubrovnik]], walls of the [[Jaisalmer Fort]], [[Gates of Baghdad]] }}

Most used templates

{{Location|40.9840598|-73.6946565}} {{Anonymous work}} {{PD-US-unpublished}} {{PD-old-assumed}} {{PD-old-auto||deathyear=1942}} http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/firstperiod.html {{Cc-by-sa-4.0-heirs}} {{Cc-by-sa-4.0-heirs}} {{gallery page}}

GPS

{{Location|40.9840598|-73.6946565}}

Exact date

{{taken on}}

• Category:United States photographs taken on 2014-01-24
• Category:Photographs of the United States by date

Images of famous person by

Category:Albert Einstein by Schmutzer (1921)

Deletion

Commons:Deletion requests/Images by Walter Stoneman archived by the Library of Congress

Video conversion

Hi all. Just uploaded a webm video, which looks a bit lousy / pixelated. Yet exactly the same video on You Tube looks fine. Anything I can do to get a better, crisper, higher resolution? Thanks! Llywelyn2000 (talk) 15:45, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Llywelyn2000, webm can be quite lossy, so that's part of it. The part you can control is the software you use for the conversion. Most of the free software solutions are absolutely terrible at converting to webm, even with maximum-quality settings selected. Recently, Avidmux was recommended to me, and I strongly recommend giving it a try. Just make sure you select (in the left column) VP9 for video, Vorbis for audio, and convert to Webm. Click "Configure" under Video Output and make sure quality is set to best (can't remember exact wording, not at my home computer atm). The program is a little more technical than other options, but the quality is superb. — Huntster (t @ c) 16:39, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Really thankful for this. One question: why is the upload on You Tube (see my link above) much better yet same file was uploaded to both sites? Llywelyn2000 (talk) 17:22, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Llywelyn2000, I'm looking back at things, and I'm wondering if you were seeing a lower-resolution version created by the Mediawiki software. I'm not sure how the back-end works for video, but I know the lower resolution encodes get finished first, followed later by the better quality encodes (which of course take more time). When you click on the video at File:Generating WP articles from WD.webmhd.webm and click on the little gear icon at lower right, is "WebM Source" selected or one of the lower resolutions? Honestly, the video is looking pretty good to me at the moment when it is in WebM Source mode. — Huntster (t @ c) 17:50, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

If it's possible for you to use Vimeo, that does the best conversions to Webm that I've been able to find. - Jmabel ! talk 17:52, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

@Huntster: No, HTML5 VP9 player is selected. No idea why. Can't seem to change it to the original. Is this the default? @Jmabel: i used Mirai Video Converter, and converted from a 1.48 GB mov file. Llywelyn2000 (talk) 18:02, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Llywelyn2000, I honestly cannot say why. I don't have that as an option, just "WebM Source", "sd 480p", "low 240p", "low 180p", "low 160p", and "low 120p". Anyone have some other thoughts? — Huntster (t @ c) 18:10, 26 October 2020 (UTC)

Flickr Commons left at at this image

https://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/49923470032/in/photostream/

How do I search for a Wikidata Q number

I can see that I added depicts:Q5342857 to a new entry here in Commons, but how would I search for something I may have added a year or two ago where I may have formatted it as [[Wikidata:Q5342857|Edward Young]] and would not appear as a standard text search? I did not add a category and cannot find it. --Richard Arthur Norton (1958- ) (talk) 21:27, 8 April 2020 (UTC)

You can use the insource search feature, e.g. insource:Q5342857 — Sam Wilson ( Talk • Contribs ) … 21:49, 8 April 2020 (UTC)

Commons:Depicts#Searching depicts statements You have to search with haswbstatement:P180=Q5342857 --GPSLeo (talk) 21:52, 8 April 2020 (UTC)

Subpages

• User:Richard Arthur Norton (1958- )/Top images

Finger pointing

You're looking for en:Index (typography) and Category:Manicules. Unicode has a few of them in the Misc Symbols block, whether they look old-timey, modern or Emoji-/Simpson-yellow of course depends on the font you use. --El Grafo (talk) 09:35, 4 April 2020 (UTC)

For use in a transcription, you'll probably want to use either U+261E ☞ WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX or U+261B ☛ Black Right Pointing Index.

Coat of arms

• User:Dan Koehl

Video

https://tools.wmflabs.org/video2commons/

Is there more automated upload method than Upload Wizard?

Using Upload Wizard I still have to cut and paste the category 100 times and and cut and paste the description 100 times if I am uploading 100 tombstones from a cemetery, is there a better way?. RAN (talk) 04:14, 14 November 2019 (UTC)

@Richard Arthur Norton (1958- ): I haven't used any of them myself, but there are a number of tools designed for bulk uploading described at Commons:Upload tools. – BMacZero (🗩) 04:42, 14 November 2019 (UTC)

RAN in Upload Wizard there is this link under first image properties to copy them to all the images... --Jarekt (talk) 04:45, 14 November 2019 (UTC)

Thanks ... I will try both tomorrow! RAN (talk) 05:19, 14 November 2019 (UTC)

Images

{{PD-US-not renewed}} [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/ Images copyrighted before 1964 had to have the copyright renewed sometime in the 28th year]. If the copyright was not renewed, the image is in the public domain. No renewal notice was found for this image published or distributed in this year.

Copyright fields

• First renewed issue
• First renewed article

OTRS for a collection

Can I release a whole collection of photos under a single OTRS mailing without naming each file? Or do I have to list each image in an email to OTRS? This determines how fast I have to scan a collection of images and where the OTRS ticket notice appears. The OTRS message can appear in the category for the collection, and/or in each image. RAN (talk) 17:28, 25 October 2019 (UTC)

If all files belong in the same category and no other files belong to that category, it is easy. The OTRS agent will use a mass edit tool to add the otrs template to all files. --C.Suthorn (talk) 17:47, 25 October 2019 (UTC)

To my knowledge, you can do so. For example, we have {{BollywoodHungama}} that releases the whole content of the website under one single OTRS ticket, apparently. Besides, the main point is to release it under a free, suitable license. The important thing is the content of the OTRS ticket, it can be about one single image, a collection etc. Ahmad^talk 17:52, 25 October 2019 (UTC)

Yes. Similarly, OTRS can be used to designate a Commons account that you trust to operate on your behalf (but then, of course, you have to live with it if that person goes rogue on you). - Jmabel ! talk 19:20, 25 October 2019 (UTC)

• Thanks! RAN (talk) 20:22, 25 October 2019 (UTC)

Renewal notice and image match as an example

Can someone provide a link for a renewal notice for an individual photograph that I can add to some boilerplate text. Generally we certify that a renewal notice is absent, but I would like to include a renewal example to show what it looks like. We also need the photograph hosted somewhere online, maybe one hosted by Corbis or Getty. I know it is hard to match a prose description of a photograph to an actual photo, especially when a dozen photographers were present from a dozen news organizations. A Good example if you can match them would be the one discussed by the Library of Congress: "It was discovered that copyrights were placed and renewed on the photographs of the Dionne Quintuplets taken by the [Newspaper Enterprise Association]." Renewal notices are here: http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/ RAN (talk) 18:39, 17 September 2019 (UTC)

I found a copy of the image. RAN (talk) 12:52, 18 September 2019 (UTC)

1938

Structured data

Commons talk:Structured data

Photograph of photographers vs. Photographs by photographers

Do we have a standardized way to categorize "photographs of photographers" vs. "photographs by photographers". In most cases we have both in the same category which confuses a Google image search. Sometimes we set up "Category:Images by John Smith" and sometimes "Category:John Smith studio". Is there a distinction because one may be a solo practice and one may have multiple photographers working for the same studio? RAN (talk) 15:52, 5 March 2019 (UTC)

• I think the way we handle Category:Asahel Curtis is reasonable:
  • Category:Asahel Curtis: top level, including the few photos of him.
    • Category:Curtis & Miller: his one significant partnership
      • Category:Photographs by Curtis & Miller: Photos credited to the partnership
  • Category:Photographs by Asahel Curtis: photographs by him
    • Category:Photographs by Curtis & Miller (reappears here)
  • Category:Images from the Asahel Curtis Photo Company Photographs Collection: Photographs from the collection he curated. Mostly his own, should be placed here by a template indicating the collection, but some of these are older photos he collected.

Templates

{{Institution|wikidata=Q1547268}} {{creator|wikidata=Q42303953}}

video thumbnail

[[File:Mikael Karlsson.melodifestivalen2019.19e119.1080617.presentation.webm|thumb|start=1|]]

OTRS awaiting

• File:Norman Lester Jensen (1894-1968) circa 1920-1925.png

Deleted

• [2]
• [3]

The Elliots

• File:Thomas Watt Gregory, 1861-1933 LCCN2002715434.tif

OTRS

Please forward to: permissions-commons@wikimedia.org and remember to CC me

I hereby affirm that I am the creator or the copyright holder of the images as shown below:

I agree to publish the above-mentioned content under the following free license: Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International

I acknowledge that by doing so I grant anyone the right to use the work, even in a commercial product or otherwise, and to modify it according to their needs, provided that they abide by the terms of the license and any other applicable laws.

I am aware that this agreement is not limited to Wikipedia or related sites.

I am aware that the copyright holder always retains ownership of the copyright as well as the right to be attributed in accordance with the license chosen. Modifications others make to the work will not be claimed to have been made by the copyright holder.

I acknowledge that I cannot withdraw this agreement, and that the content may or may not be kept permanently on a Wikimedia project.

[Sender's name] [Date]

Needs more work

• 

PNG to SVG for signatures

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ReHYDP69oV4
• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:SVG#Converters

Transcription

{{t|Transcribe here}} [[:Category:Needing transcription]]

Renewals

• http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/firstperiod.html

Interwiki

• [[:en:Albert Einstein]]: en:Albert Einstein
• [[q:en:Albert Einstein]]: q:en:Albert Einstein
• [[s:en:Albert Einstein]]: s:en:Albert Einstein
• [[:fr:Albert Einstein]]: fr:Albert Einstein
• [[q:fr:Albert Einstein]]: q:fr:Albert Einstein
• [[s:fr:Albert Einstein]]: s:fr:Albert Einstein
• [[d:Q937|Albert Einstein]]: Albert Einstein

Text

This photo was created by Richard Arthur Norton. It is not in the public domain, and use of this file outside of the licensing terms is a copyright violation. If you would like to use this image outside of the Wikimedia projects, you may do so, only if I am properly credited, either by linking the photograph to this page, or with an easily visible credit placed near the photo in each instance in which it is used. Please credit authorship as follows:  © Richard Arthur Norton / Wikimedia Commons. Please maintain the original file name in all uses.

Licenses

{{PD-scan|PD-EU-no author disclosure}}

This image is in the public domain because it is a mere mechanical scan or photocopy of a public domain original, or – from the available evidence – is so similar to such a scan or photocopy that no copyright protection can be expected to arise. The original itself is in the public domain for the following reason: The copyright of this image has expired in the European Union because it was published more than 70 years ago without a public claim of authorship (anonymous or pseudonymous), and no subsequent claim of authorship was made in the 70 years following its first publication. To use this template, the image must meet both of the following two conditions: published over 70 years ago, and the original author's actual identity was not publicly disclosed in connection with this image within 70 years following its publication. Images that lack either of these two conditions should not use this template. Reasonable evidence must be presented that the author's name (e.g., the original photographer, portrait painter) was not published with a claim of copyright in conjunction with the image within 70 years of its original publication. Works which had not entered Public Domain in their country in 1996 should be marked additionally with {{Not-PD-US-URAA}}. Note: In some countries anonymous works are copyrighted until 70 years after the death of the author if the author's identity became public in any way during the original term. In Germany this applies to certain works published before July 1, 1995; see Übergangsrecht. This tag is designed for use where there may be a need to assert that any enhancements (eg brightness, contrast, colour-matching, sharpening) are in themselves insufficiently creative to generate a new copyright. It can be used where it is unknown whether any enhancements have been made, as well as when the enhancements are clear but insufficient. For known raw unenhanced scans you can use an appropriate {{PD-old}} tag instead. For usage, see Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag. Note: This tag applies to scans and photocopies only. For photographs of public domain originals taken from afar, {{PD-Art}} may be applicable. See Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.

{{PD-because|}}

This file is in the public domain because (no reason given!) This template must not be used to dedicate an uploader's own work to the public domain; CC0 should be used instead. This work must carry justifications for free usability in both the United States and its country of origin.

{{PD-anon-expired}}

This work was published before January 1, 1927 and it is anonymous or pseudonymous due to unknown authorship. It is in the public domain in the United States as well as countries and areas where the copyright terms of anonymous or pseudonymous works are 95 years or fewer since publication.

{{Cc-by-sa-4.0-heirs}}

The heirs of the creator of this work hereby publish it under the following license:

{{PD-US-no notice}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1927 and 1977, inclusive, without a copyright notice. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart as well as a detailed definition of "publication" for public art. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

{{PD-US-1978-89}}

This work is in the public domain because it was published in the United States between 1978 and March 1, 1989 without a copyright notice, and its copyright was not subsequently registered with the U.S. Copyright Office within 5 years. Unless its author has been dead for several years, it is copyrighted in the countries or areas that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works, such as Canada (50 pma), Mainland China (50 pma, not Hong Kong or Macau), Germany (70 pma), Mexico (100 pma), Switzerland (70 pma), and other countries with individual treaties. See this page for further explanation.

{{PD-old-50}}

	This work is in the public domain in the United States and the source country. In most cases, this means that its copyright expired under the law of the source country and it was either published prior to January 1, 1927 or its copyright also expired under the law of the United States. Its copyright has also expired in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 50 years or less. To the uploader: please provide relevant publication and authorship details. For non-US works, consider attaching a country-specific tag if available.
	Note that in the countries and areas that do not apply the rule of the shorter term, this work might not be in the public domain (this especially applies in Mexico and Switzerland). The creator and year of publication are essential information and must be provided. See Wikipedia:Public domain and Wikipedia:Copyrights for more details.

{{PD-GermanGov}}

This image is in the public domain according to German copyright law because it is part of a statute, ordinance, official decree or judgment (official work) issued by a German authority or court (§ 5 Abs.1 UrhG).

{{PD-old-auto-expired|author's death year}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1927. Public domain works must be out of copyright in both the United States and in the source country of the work in order to be hosted on the Commons. If the work is not a U.S. work, the file must have an additional copyright tag indicating the copyright status in the source country. Note: This tag should not be used for sound recordings.PD-1923Public domain in the United States//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Richard_Arthur_Norton_(1958-_)

{{PD-heirs}}

The heirs of this work's copyright holder (usually the creator) have released it into the public domain. This applies worldwide. In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so: The heirs of the creator grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law.

{{PD-US-unpublished}}

This work was never published prior to January 1, 2003, and is currently in the public domain in the United States because it meets one of the following conditions: its author died before 1952; the death date of its author is not known, and it was created before 1902; it is an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, and it was created before 1902. The above provisions are contained in 17 U.S.C. § 303. See also this page for more information.

{{Anonymous work}}

The author of this work is anonymous and this work was made available to the public more than 50 years ago. According to the Berne convention Art. 7, and the laws of many countries, this work is in the public domain. Note: This template does not apply to works from countries that extended the Berne Convention or that did not sign it. In particular, this includes the European Union, the United States, India, and Russia. Please use {{PD-anon-70-EU}}, {{PD-US}}, {{PD-India}}, {{PD-Russia-1996}}, etc. in such cases and check Commons:Anonymous works every time, carefully!

{{PD-anon-expired}}

This work was published before January 1, 1927 and it is anonymous or pseudonymous due to unknown authorship. It is in the public domain in the United States as well as countries and areas where the copyright terms of anonymous or pseudonymous works are 95 years or fewer since publication.

{{PD-old-70-1923}}

	This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1927.
This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse

{{PD-US-no notice ad}}

This advertisement (or image from an advertisement) is in the public domain because it was published in a collective work (such as a periodical issue) in the United States between 1927 and 1977 and without a copyright notice specific to the advertisement. Unless its author has been dead for several years, it is copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works, such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties. See this page for further explanation.

{{PD-1996}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it meets three requirements: it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days), it was first published before 1 March 1989 without copyright notice or before 1964 without copyright renewal or before the source country established copyright relations with the United States, it was in the public domain in its home country on the URAA date (January 1, 1996 for most countries). For background information, see the explanations on Non-U.S. copyrights. Note: This tag should not be used for sound recordings.

{{PD-Bain}} {{PD-Bain}}

{{PD-NYWT&S}} {{PD-NYWT&S}}

{{PD-US-no notice}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1927 and 1977, inclusive, without a copyright notice. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart as well as a detailed definition of "publication" for public art. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

{{PD-CAGov}} {{PD-CAGov}}

{{PD-ineligible}}

This work is ineligible for copyright and therefore in the public domain because it consists entirely of information that is common property and contains no original authorship.

{{PD-USGov-DOC-Census}}

This image or file is a work of a United States Census Bureau employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.

{{PD-1978}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1927 and 1977, inclusive, without a copyright notice. For further explanation, see Commons:Hirtle chart as well as a detailed definition of "publication" for public art. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties.

{{PD-1996}}

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it meets three requirements: it was first published outside the United States (and not published in the U.S. within 30 days), it was first published before 1 March 1989 without copyright notice or before 1964 without copyright renewal or before the source country established copyright relations with the United States, it was in the public domain in its home country on the URAA date (January 1, 1996 for most countries). For background information, see the explanations on Non-U.S. copyrights. Note: This tag should not be used for sound recordings.

{{PD-US}}

	This media file is in the public domain in the United States. This applies to U.S. works where the copyright has expired, often because its first publication occurred prior to January 1, 1927, and if not then due to lack of notice or renewal. See this page for further explanation.
	This image might not be in the public domain outside of the United States; this especially applies in the countries and areas that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works, such as Canada, Mainland China (not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany, Mexico, and Switzerland. The creator and year of publication are essential information and must be provided. See Wikipedia:Public domain and Wikipedia:Copyrights for more details.

{{PD-US-not renewed}} [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/cce/firstperiod.html Works copyrighted before 1964 had to have the copyright renewed sometime in the 28th year]. If the copyright was not renewed, the work is in the public domain. No renewal notice was found for this periodical for issues published in this year. For instance, the first [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/cinfo/nytimes New York Times issue renewed was from April 1, 1928]. Some publications may have renewed an individual article from an earlier time. If you find any contrary evidence notify me.

{{PD-Sweden-photo}}

This Swedish photograph is in the public domain in Sweden because one of the following applies: The work is non-artistic (journalistic, etc.) and has been created before 1 January 1972 (SFS 1960:729, § 49a). The photographer is not known, and cannot be traced, and the work has been created before 1 January 1952 (SFS 1960:729, § 44). If the photographer died before 1952, {{PD-old-70}} should be used instead of this tag. You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Côte d'Ivoire has a general copyright term of 99 years and Honduras has 75 years, but they do implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).

{{PD-old}}

This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer. You must also include a United States public domain tag to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that a few countries have copyright terms longer than 70 years: Mexico has 100 years, Jamaica has 95 years, Colombia has 80 years, and Guatemala and Samoa have 75 years. This image may not be in the public domain in these countries, which moreover do not implement the rule of the shorter term. Côte d'Ivoire has a general copyright term of 99 years and Honduras has 75 years, but they do implement the rule of the shorter term. Copyright may extend on works created by French who died for France in World War II (more information), Russians who served in the Eastern Front of World War II (known as the Great Patriotic War in Russia) and posthumously rehabilitated victims of Soviet repressions (more information).

This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse

{{PD-old-50}}

	This work is in the public domain in the United States and the source country. In most cases, this means that its copyright expired under the law of the source country and it was either published prior to January 1, 1927 or its copyright also expired under the law of the United States. Its copyright has also expired in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 50 years or less. To the uploader: please provide relevant publication and authorship details. For non-US works, consider attaching a country-specific tag if available.
	Note that in the countries and areas that do not apply the rule of the shorter term, this work might not be in the public domain (this especially applies in Mexico and Switzerland). The creator and year of publication are essential information and must be provided. See Wikipedia:Public domain and Wikipedia:Copyrights for more details.

{{PD-old-70-1923}}

	This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 70 years or fewer. This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1927.
This file has been identified as being free of known restrictions under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights.

https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/PDMCreative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0falsefalse

{{PD-US-unpublished}}

This work was never published prior to January 1, 2003, and is currently in the public domain in the United States because it meets one of the following conditions: its author died before 1952; the death date of its author is not known, and it was created before 1902; it is an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, and it was created before 1902. The above provisions are contained in 17 U.S.C. § 303. See also this page for more information.

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